Aquatic ecosystems are being harmed by tiny pieces of plastic called micro/nanoplastics and the chemicals they carry. Scientists studied how these plastics and chemicals affect water fleas. They found that the plastics make the water fleas less active, with the chemicals playing a big role in this. Interestingly, smaller plastics are easier for the water fleas to get rid of, making the chemicals less harmful. This shows that both eating and getting rid of plastics affect how harmful they are to aquatic animals. In the future, we need to pay more attention to the chemicals carried by plastics in water environments.