Decades-long shift in weather patterns brings cold anomalies to Europe.
The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) affects weather patterns in the tropics and beyond. Recent data shows that the MJO's impact on winter weather in the northern hemisphere has changed over the past few decades. This change is linked to shifts in oceanic climate patterns like the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability. These changes have led to colder temperatures and altered precipitation patterns in Europe and the eastern United States since 1997.