Pastoralists in central northern Namibia shared their knowledge and concerns about rangeland degradation and livestock production. The study found that female-headed households were common in the villages surveyed, with goats and cattle being more numerous in some areas. Lack of grazing land, water scarcity, and drought were identified as major challenges for livestock farming. Elders pointed to overgrazing and climate change as the main causes of rangeland degradation. As a result, the communal rangelands have deteriorated, leading to a decline in livestock numbers over the years due to feed shortages.