Special vehicles use battery packs for power, but these packs can become uneven due to manufacturing and usage differences. To address this, a battery balance management system is crucial. It helps maintain the battery pack's performance by managing inconsistencies in real-time, improving battery capacity, slowing down aging, and increasing driving range. This study reviews current battery balancing systems, analyzes inconsistency causes, and discusses common strategies for balancing lithium power battery packs in special vehicles. The research aims to predict future trends in battery pack equalization technology.