The article talks about the history of collateral law, focusing on its development in Ancient Rome and Russia. It discusses why collateral laws changed from being strictly personal, highlights the main features of mortgages, and points out the flaws in Roman pledge law. These flaws, like the decrease in pledge priority due to multiple priorities, are important for current pledge regulations. The article also looks at how collateral was used in Ancient and pre-revolutionary Russia, as well as in modern domestic law.