The city of Douala in Cameroon faces challenges from growing population and urbanization, causing increased fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from its road transport sector. A study examined factors influencing energy use from 2010 to 2019. Results show vehicle intensity, energy efficiency, GDP per person, and population size all affect energy consumption. Improving vehicle energy efficiency and reducing the number of vehicles per person can help lower energy use. This study suggests implementing energy-saving measures to cut greenhouse gas emissions and balance economic growth with sustainable transportation in Douala.