The study focused on a type of microscopic algae called diatoms, specifically the Cyclotella atomus Hust. Researchers found that these diatoms can accumulate Titanium in their hard cell walls, which could be useful for improving solar cell efficiency. The diatoms were isolated from a river in India and examined under a microscope to confirm their identity. The presence of Titanium in the diatom frustules was confirmed through a special type of analysis.