The article explains how heritability, which measures how traits are passed down from parent to offspring, doesn't always predict success when selecting traits in microbial communities. By breaking down community traits into different factors that affect them, researchers found that heritability values can be inflated and nonlinearity can increase due to evolution within the community. This means that heritability alone is not enough to predict how a community trait will respond to selection. The study suggests new strategies to improve heritability without speeding up evolution within the community.