The article describes the different types of soil found in Bulgaria, focusing on chernozems. It explains how these soils are formed by factors like topography, climate, and human activity. The researchers studied the soil properties and found that they change depending on how long and intense the weathering processes are. By analyzing soil samples from across the country, they were able to classify the soils based on their texture, structure, and chemical properties. The findings help us understand how different factors influence soil development and how we can best use the land for agriculture and other purposes.