The article discusses how the concept of specificity, which means factors of production are not easily interchangeable, can help us understand various economic issues. The main idea is that economic growth relies on restructuring and reallocating resources, which can be hindered by factors like regulations and inefficient decisions. By focusing on specificity, we can better analyze problems like transition difficulties in Eastern Europe, labor regulations in Western Europe, and economic crises in emerging markets. The research suggests that macroeconomic models need to consider the limitations of specificity to explain phenomena like cyclical unemployment and investment patterns. Overall, understanding specificity can provide insights into how political institutions and technology respond to economic challenges.