The article discusses various aspects of public finance from an international perspective. It covers topics such as the role of government in the economy, effects of fiscal policy, measuring government activities, budget forecasting, tax policy, expenditure management, and fiscal sustainability. The researchers also explore special topics like public enterprises, fiscal federalism, poverty, aging populations, and health care. Key findings include the importance of balancing budgets, managing public debt, and designing effective tax and expenditure policies to promote economic stability and social welfare.