The guidelines for planning and environmental impact assessment of road infrastructure in Botswana aim to improve decision-making by evaluating both positive and negative impacts of road projects. The process helps identify ways to enhance benefits and reduce drawbacks, leading to a better understanding of how roads affect society and the environment. Environmental impact assessments are conducted at different stages of planning to ensure transparency and consider conflicting interests. The guidelines provide methods for evaluating impacts in monetary and non-monetary terms, allowing for a comprehensive comparison of different road project options. Consultation with affected communities is emphasized throughout the assessment process.