Life cycle assessment (LCA) looks at how products or services impact the environment throughout their life. The ISO 14040 standards outline the process: defining goals, analyzing all inputs and outputs, assessing environmental impacts, and interpreting the results. The goal and scope need clear definition. Inventory analysis tracks materials used and waste created. Impact assessment explores environmental effects. Interpretation combines results to make conclusions. LCA is still evolving, especially impact assessment. More work and real-world experience are needed for better LCA practices. The paper reviews the current state and future tasks in LCA.