The article explores how the European Union creates and implements policies. It looks at different policy areas like competition, agriculture, environment, and women's rights. The researchers study how policies evolve over time and how decisions are made at both the EU and national levels. They find that there are challenges in coordinating policies across different countries and that there is a mix of centralization and decentralization in decision-making. The article also discusses the impact of globalization on EU policies and how the EU deals with issues like energy, finance, migration, and international security.