Researchers studied how different ways of planting chickpeas and using phosphorus affected the growth of chickpeas and weeds. They tested conventional and zero tillage systems, different seed rates, and phosphorus levels. They found that using 80 kg of seeds per hectare was as good as using 120 kg for chickpea growth. Applying 80 kg of phosphorus per hectare led to more nodules on chickpea plants. Zero tillage had more weeds than conventional tillage. Planting more seeds reduced weed growth, with 120 kg per hectare having the least weeds. Overall, conventional tillage with higher seed rates is best for reducing weeds and increasing chickpea production.