The researchers studied how planting dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) before rice and wheat crops can improve the quality of sodic soils. By combining dhaincha with gypsum, they were able to lower soil pH, increase water flow, and boost organic matter content. This led to a 16.2% increase in rice yield and a significant increase in wheat yield. Overall, using dhaincha as a green manure before or after the rice-wheat cycle can enhance soil quality and crop productivity in sodic soils in Uttar Pradesh.