The article discusses how the European Union focuses on research and technology to boost competitiveness in the knowledge-based society. It looks at the origins of the EU, member states, and the economy's competitiveness. The EU's research objectives and results, along with programs for entrepreneurship and innovation, are highlighted. The EU's position in the quest for competitiveness and its institutional context are also explored, from the Treaty of Rome to the Reform Treaty of Lisbon. The enlargement of the EU, its budget, internal market, and economic and monetary union are key aspects discussed.