The article discusses unresolved issues and new challenges related to the law of the sea. It covers topics such as managing shared fish stocks, protecting underwater cultural heritage, and preserving the marine environment. The researchers explore how international cooperation can help address these challenges. They also examine the impact of the principle of freedom of the high seas in a post-9/11 world. The study highlights the need for updated international instruments to protect marine areas and the role of legal institutions in shaping the future of maritime law.