The article discusses how Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is used as a decision-making tool to promote sustainable development. It compares EIA with other environmental management tools and explores the principles and potential of Strategic Environmental Assessment. The study outlines criteria for assessing significant impacts, including air quality, water, social, ecological, and visual aspects. It also highlights the importance of public participation in EIA processes and the role of information technologies. The research covers various methods such as screening, scoping, site selection, monitoring, auditing, risk assessment, and cumulative effects assessment.