The article "Ideas and traditions" explores how cultural legacies have influenced modern economic thinking over the past three hundred years. The authors examine the writings of key economists from various countries and highlight the impact of philosophical ideas on economic theories. They discuss how early economics was shaped by beliefs in the primacy of force, the God-man relationship, Cartesian logic, and the need for a just society. This research sheds light on the historical development of economic thought and provides new perspectives on the study of the economy.