Government subsidies drive firms to transform non-core products into core products.
The article explores how two countries compete in R&D policies for multi-product firms. Firms invest more in R&D for different products and may switch focus from core to non-core products. Subsidies are the preferred policy in a competitive market, but zero subsidies are best when policies align. In a duopoly, higher subsidies are needed only if governments' policies are not aligned.