The article discusses Karl Marx's economic analysis in Capital, focusing on key concepts like surplus-value, falling real-wage and profit rates, and the trade cycle. It also examines Marx's views on the transition to communism, the role of industrial entrepreneurs, and welfare reform within capitalism. The researchers trace the evolution of Marx's analysis from the 1840s through various drafts. Key findings include Marx's rejection of egalitarianism, his emphasis on the importance of industrial entrepreneurs, and his evolving perspective on welfare reform in capitalist societies.