The researchers studied how different mulching materials affect the growth of sesame plants and the soil they grow in. They found that using polyethylene film and straw as mulch increased the soil's ability to hold water and improved soil temperature regulation. Clear film mulching helped sesame plants grow faster at the beginning, while straw mulching was better for soil health later on. The roots of sesame plants grew best with clear film mulching, and using black film mulch reduced weed growth. Overall, using polyethylene film and straw mulch increased sesame grain yield by 57% and 25%, respectively.