The study looked at how the winter monsoon affects the summer monsoon through interactions between the air and sea. They analyzed sea surface temperatures in different oceans, air pressure levels, and rainfall in China from 1961 to 1992. The results showed that winter monsoon activity influences sea surface temperatures in the Xisha region, which then affects the summer monsoon. The abnormal sea surface temperatures in winter tend to continue into the summer monsoon season. Rainfall in China is positively correlated with sea surface temperatures in the Xisha region, especially from October to April. The interaction between the air and sea plays a crucial role in these processes.