A study in semiarid regions found that a cropping system of pearlmillet, potato, and green gram was more profitable and efficient than traditional systems like cotton-wheat. Another system with soybean, wheat, and cowpea was better in terms of yield and profit. Pearlmillet-mustard was promising with less irrigation water. Some systems had high land use efficiency and water productivity. Overall, these alternative cropping systems could help farmers in semiarid regions maintain soil health and increase returns.