The article explores how uncertainty affects how companies invest and build up capital. It looks at different ways uncertainty can impact these decisions, like through changes in profits or costs. By studying firms in Brazil and the UK, the researchers found that lower costs of adjusting capital would lead to more investment and higher capital levels. They also discovered that uncertainty has a small effect on short-term investments but a big negative impact on long-term capital accumulation. This happens because of how costs change with uncertainty levels.