The article explores how Karl Marx critiqued classical political economy, focusing on David Ricardo. It argues that understanding Marx's revolutionary ideas in economics requires considering the philosophical basis of his work, heavily influenced by Hegel. Marx's critique of classical economics emphasizes the empirical basis of their theories and the importance of labor in his own ideas. By analyzing Marx's concepts and the dialectical nature of his writing in Capital, the article highlights the central role of fetishism in Marx's work, absent in classical economics.