Sand piles are commonly used to improve soft clay grounds. A study found that the consolidation of soft clay ground with sand piles is influenced by the interaction between the sand piles and the surrounding clay, as well as the permeability of the clay. By using Barren's solution, researchers were able to determine the consolidation parameters of soft clay ground with sand drains through numerical simulations. The study showed that the volume compressibility and permeability of the clay change during consolidation, and these changes were accurately evaluated.