The interactions between African states and local communities have changed significantly in recent years due to political and economic reforms. Subnational politics play a crucial role in democracy, civil society, ethnic conflict, and economic development in Africa. Different forms of authority, from traditional institutions to international organizations, impact decision-making and service delivery in local communities. The relationship between states and local communities is complex and varies widely across the continent, with shifts between democracy and authoritarianism, decentralization and recentralization, and changes in market structures. Public authority in Africa often extends beyond formal institutions and central governments, shaping political power, economic development, and resource management.