Bioenergy from sustainable biomass can help Europe tackle climate change and energy security. The study found that up to 21% of the EU's energy supply could come from biomass, mainly perennial energy crops. Growing willow for bioenergy can be as profitable as cereal crops without subsidies. To increase bioenergy production, large power plants can co-fire biofuels. However, without trade barriers, Europe may end up importing more biofuels. Energy and CO2 taxes in Sweden and Finland have boosted bioenergy use.