The study looked at fertility trends in Nepal from 1981 to 2000. They used data from surveys to estimate fertility rates. The total fertility rate decreased from 4.96 to 4.69 births per woman between 1996 and 2001. Most of the decline was due to fewer births among married women. Factors like region, education, and sterilization also played a role in the fertility decline. Overall, the study found that changes in marital fertility rates and population composition were the main drivers of the decrease in fertility in Nepal during this period.