The study used a model to look at how pollution affects Lake Shihwa's water quality. They found that reducing land-based pollution alone may not be enough to improve the water quality. However, improving sediment quality could significantly enhance the lake's water quality. The lake's current environmental capacity to meet water quality standards is estimated to be challenging due to low seawater exchange and high sediment pollution. To manage the lake's water quality effectively, clear improvement goals for different areas and pollutant sources need to be set.