The article discusses how laws on discrimination and affirmative action differ. Strict scrutiny in affirmative action cases focuses on citizens' experiences with government actions, rather than just the government's intentions. The Court has developed strict scrutiny laws to limit how government can promote diversity or pursue remedial goals, considering citizens' perceptions of fairness. For example, even if considering race is allowed, the form in which it is done matters, as citizens may see certain actions as unfair. This shows that appearance and how citizens perceive government actions are important in shaping laws on affirmative action.