Soil erosion in Northeast China's black soil region causes changes in soil moisture and temperature, affecting freeze-thaw erosion and soil properties. A study monitored soil moisture and temperature at two sites with different humus layer thicknesses. Thicker humus layers slow thawing rates and increase soil moisture, impacting runoff during rainstorms. Thicker humus layers also lead to deeper soil moisture movement. The study found that humus layer depth significantly influences soil moisture and temperature variations in the region.