The article explores the feasibility, costs, and environmental impacts of large-scale biomass energy. By implementing a global carbon price, bioenergy production could reach 150 exajoules by 2050, reducing emissions by 42-52%. Lignocellulosic ethanol may become a major bioenergy source if costs decrease, but bioelectricity and bioheat could also be prominent. Without pricing land use change emissions, deforestation may occur, but biomass residues and crop yield improvements can help. The combination of carbon pricing and bioenergy production may increase food prices by 3.2-5.2% in 2050.