The article discusses different ways to help farmers in Africa improve their agricultural practices. It looks at various extension systems used in African countries, such as commodity-based services and farmer-focused approaches. The authors highlight challenges like high costs, lack of technology, and difficulties in partnerships between researchers and farmers. They also mention issues with government services not meeting farmers' needs and limited farmer involvement in extension management. Overall, the article suggests that African extension systems need to be more effective and responsive to farmers' requirements.