Researchers in Nigeria studied how planting legumes like cowpea, mucuna, and cassava before rice affects rice yield. They found that cowpea and mucuna produced good biomass, with cowpea yielding 825.5 kg/ha and cassava yielding 4.0 t/ha. In the first year, rice after cowpea with 30 kg/ha of fertilizer had the highest yield. In the second year, rice after cassava with 90 kg/ha of fertilizer had the highest yield. Overall, growing rice after legumes was more economically beneficial than after cassava.