The study looked at factors influencing start-up survival from a start-up ecosystem perspective in OECD countries. By using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, the researchers found that start-up survival is not consistently explained by a single factor. High levels of financial resources, human capital, and innovation can increase start-up survival, while networking plays a key role in enhancing short and medium-term survival rates. This suggests that there are various pathways to the same outcome in understanding the factors affecting start-up survival in the start-up ecosystem.